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  • Layers of Protection Analysis (LOPA)

    Venue : London
    Start Date : 03/11/2025
    End Date : 07/11/2025


    • When and how to use LOPA
    • How to identify which scenarios from a HAZOP or other qualitative analysis could benefit from LOPA
    • How to systematically create risk scenarios for new processes or for existing processes under change
    • How to establish risk acceptance (risk tolerance) criteria for use within your company (this is also called development of ALARP criteria) and how to depict this in a Risk Matrix or in a formula
    • How to calculate “as-is” risk for a cause-consequence pair:
    • How to estimate the frequency of the initiating event
    • How to determine the consequence for the scenario (unmitigated)
    • Understand what is meant by “independence” and “uniqueness” with respect to the safeguard layers (IPLs)
    • How to calculate the value of each IPL
    • How to determine the risk of a LOPA scenario and how to determine how much further risk reduction (if any) is necessary
    • How to use LOPA to determine the Safety Integrity Level (SIL) necessary for an instrument IPL (to comply with the requirements of IEC 61508/61511 for safety instrumented systems)
    • How to document LOPA
    • How other companies worldwide use LOPA to:
    • Decide which PHA / HAZOP recommendations to reject and which to accept
    • Focus limited resources within mechanical integrity departments and  operations on what is critical to manage risk to ALARP
    • Avoid wasting resources on the added cost and unproductive sophistication that often occurs when they instead quantify risk using QRA methods such as fault tree and event tree analysis

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